[airair]

When Hitting, the push on #1 is with the right triceps. When Swinging it's the right shoulder which is pushing on #1, which pushes on the left arm, which pulls the left shoulder, which pulls the shaft, and when the left arm blasts off, it's still pulling the shaft, so you should call it what it is, Swinging.

The left shoulder never drives - it is always driven, by either the right shoulder or right triceps. The left shoulder, like the left arm, is passive, whether Hitting or Swinging. The right shoulder is the only one which can drive.

How does the pulling motion in the down stroke by a swinger work? Isn't this a left arm action?