IMO when Homer says "surface speed" he is not referring to the ratio of hand speed to clubhead speed. Surface speed in the context of Rhythm relates to for example a spoke on a wheel. Any point on the spoke will have the same RPM but the further you get away from the centre along the spoke the greater the surface speed. ie the clubhead given a flat left wrist will be travelling at the same RPM's about the centre as the hands but the clubhead will have a faster surface speed .

HInging will for sure have its effects on the surface speed of the clubhead given any #3 angle but the clubhead for vertical is still moving faster than the hands given a flat left wrist , Rhythm.

The KEY to understanding this lies in 2-G paragraphs 6 and 7- mainly 7. Note that the BASIC plane -For each of the hinges- is important to understanding this concept. RHYTHM and VERTICAL to the BASIC plane associated with the chosen hinge. That produces the "ratio".

HB

OK All Hinge Actions take on the characteristics of Angled when #3 is zeroed both in terms of Travel and Rhythm. So we have a term , Rhythm with several meanings, again.

BTW if anyone is following along .... a "Flat, Level and Vertical" Left Hand is Vertical to the selected Hinge Actions associated basic Plane .... Horizontal , Vertical or anything in between aka Angled.

This relates to setting up to a ball for shot shaping , in that when you put the ball back in your stance , your hands, more correctly your entire Primary Lever (left arm and club) must move back as well while maintaining the desired alignment to one of the basic planes. Its common for guys to keep their wrist watch, say ,pointing at the target as the ball moves back in the stance. This would only hold for Vertical Hinging!!!!

For instance, assuming Horizontal Hinging and Grip Rotation for a ball played back in the stance by a Manipulated Hands Swinger or a Hitter (almost everybody):

As you move the ball back in the stance, along the Arc of Approach , the Primary Lever must move back as well , while maintaining the left hands Vertical to the Horizontal Basic Plane Alignment. ie your wrist watch is pointing out to the rigth somewhat. Then without changing the hands alignment the handle is rotated in your loosened hands to square the clubface to the Target Line / Impact Plane Line. Draw shot tendency , but mitigated by Inclined Plane Angle since steeper planes take out some of the Divergence between face and clubhead path . OUT becomes DOWN in other words as Plane Angles Steepen. The axis of the balls rotation becomes less tilted. aka curve spin becomes back spin.

YES!!! Half or full roll of the LW cannot speed up the club head, unless you do it with a cocked LW. However, A. J. Bonar agrees with you. :thumright

Please provide TGM and HK Ref. to the points you are trying to make because what you are saying makes no sense without them.

HB

Grip a club with a level left wrist and extend it out in front. Now rotate the left wrist and see how much the club head moves. Make sense now? :think:

Now I see- BUT - Hinging doesn't work that way .

HB

Yes it does - Hinging is clubface motion in the Impact Interval.

I understand hinging. Please don't screw up those who are looking for good TGM info.

2-G would be a good start.

HB

Please don't screw them up by making them think that HH speeds up the club head. :nono: