[O.B.Left]

Thanks for the reply, O.B. I see your point about the right arm. I can see how the right arm could thrust without roll. Now, are the 3 hinge actions in reference to the impact interval only? I mean, eventually the clubface has to roll on the plane in a full-power stroke, no?

Not sure I follow but I believe the answer lies in the difference between Hinge Action and Swivel. Theres a lot of posts on these terms around here if you want to use the search function. But Ill take a stab at it.

Instead of thinking about the clubface rolling onto the plane if you think about the left hand (the one we use for Hinge Action control) it would relate better between the two concepts and be more true to Homers thoughts as well.

Hinge Action is a holding of the left hand perpendicular to one of the three Basic Planes (the ground or the horizontal basic plane, a wall or the vertical basic plane or any inclined plane in between those two extremes, an angled basic plane) . So assume you're employing Horizontal on the way back .....you keep your left hand perpendicular to the ground ........which is fine and dandy to a point, but to get from there over to the inclined plane you have to depart from this aligned rolling , you gotta get your left palm pointing down to the ground a bit right? Im thinking that's the Swivel onto the plane. Its a rolling that is not aligned to a basic plane that "swivels" the left hand onto the inclined plane......3 times during the swing. It the bridge between the Inclined Plane and Hinge Action.

So yes the Hinge Action is employed throughout the impact interval. Swivel gets the hand onto the inclined plane. There's different feels associated with different Hinge Actions ........Homer's idea was to learn the feels associated with these different alignments and then use feel to play the game. Practice the mechanics, play by feel. The translation of mechanics to feel. etc.

Never thought of it in those terms before but ......maybe thats an easy way to describe things . Somebody once told me it takes five years to understand hinge action, Im only about three years in so.....